Photo Originale Uss Intrepid Underway

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Vendeur: dimetcollectibleitems ✉️ (348) 100%, Lieu où se trouve: Paramus, New Jersey, US, Lieu de livraison: WORLDWIDE et de nombreux autres pays, Numéro de l'objet: 173898297492 PHOTO ORIGINALE USS INTREPID UNDERWAY.

USS  Intrepid  (CV/CVA/CVS-11) , also known as  The Fighting "I" , is one of 24  Essex -class  aircraft carriers  built during  World War II  for the  United States Navy . She is the fourth US Navy ship to bear the name. Commissioned in August 1943,  Intrepid  participated in several campaigns in the  Pacific Theater of Operations , most notably the  Battle of Leyte Gulf . Decommissioned shortly after the end of the war, she was modernized and recommissioned in the early 1950s as an attack carrier (CVA), and then eventually became an antisubmarine carrier (CVS). In her second career, she served mainly in the Atlantic, but also participated in the  Vietnam War . Her notable achievements include being the recovery ship for a  Mercury  and a  Gemini  space mission. Because of her prominent role in battle, she was nicknamed "the Fighting I", while her frequent bad luck and time spent in dry dock for repairs—she was torpedoed once and hit by four separate Japanese kamikaze aircraft—earned her the nicknames "Decrepit" and "the Dry I". Decommissioned in 1974, in 1982  Intrepid  became the foundation of the  Intrepid  Sea, Air & Space Museum  in New York City.

Service history [ edit ]

The  keel  for  Intrepid  was  laid down  on 1 December 1941 in Shipway 10 at the  Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. Newport News, Virginia , days before the  Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor  and the United States' entrance into  World War II . She was  launched  on 26 April 1943, the fifth  Essex -class   aircraft carrier  to be launched. She was sponsored by the wife of  Vice Admiral   John H. Hoover . On 16 August 1943, she was  commissioned  with Captain  Thomas L. Sprague  in command before heading to the  Caribbean  for  shakedown  and training. She thereafter returned to Norfolk, before departing on 3 December, bound for  San Francisco . She proceeded on to  Pearl Harbor , Hawaii, arriving there on 10 January, where she began preparations to join the rest of the Pacific Fleet for offensive operations against the  Imperial Japanese Navy .

World War II [ edit ]

Central Pacific operations

Intrepid  joined the  Fast Carrier Task Force , then Task Force 58 (TF 58), for the next operation in the  island-hopping  campaign across the  Central Pacific : the  Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign . On 16 January 1944,  Intrepid , her  sister ship   Essex , and the  light carrier   Cabot  left Pearl Harbor to conduct a raid on islands in the  Kwajalein  Atoll from 29 January to 2 February. The three carriers' air group destroyed all 83 Japanese aircraft stationed on  Roi-Namur  in the first two days of the strikes, before  Marines  went ashore on neighboring islands on 31 January in the  Battle of Kwajalein . That morning, aircraft from  Intrepid  attacked Japanese beach defenses on  Ennuebing Island , up until ten minutes before the first Marines landed. The Marines quickly took the island and used it as a  fire base  to support the follow-on attack on Roi. [1]

With the fighting in the Kwajalein Atoll finished by 3 February,  Intrepid  and the rest of TF 58 proceeded to launch  Operation Hailstone , a major raid on the main Japanese naval base in the Central Pacific,  Truk Lagoon . From 17 to 19 February, the carriers pounded Japanese forces in the lagoon, sinking two  destroyers  and some 200,000  GRT  of merchant ships. Additionally, the strikes demonstrated the vulnerability of Truk, which convinced the Japanese to avoid using it in the future.  Intrepid  did not emerge from the operation unscathed, however. On the night of 17–18 February, a Japanese  torpedo bomber  scored a hit on the carrier near her  stern . The torpedo struck 15 ft (5 m) below the waterline, jamming the ship's  rudder  to port and flooding several compartments. Sprague was able to counteract the jammed rudder by running the port side screw at high speed while idling the starboard screw for two days until high winds overpowered the improvised steering. The crew then fashioned a  jury rigged  sail out of scrap canvas and hatch covers, which allowed the ship to return to Pearl Harbor, where she arrived on 24 February. Temporary repairs were effected there, after which  Intrepid  steamed to  Hunters Point Naval Shipyard  in San Francisco for permanent repairs on 16 March, arriving there six days later. [1]

The work was completed by 9 June, and  Intrepid  began two months of training around Pearl Harbor. Starting in early September,  Intrepid  joined operations in the western  Caroline Islands ; the Fast Carrier Task Force was now part of the  Third Fleet  under Admiral  William Halsey Jr. , and had been renamed Task Force 38. On 6 and 7 September, she conducted air strikes on Japanese artillery batteries and airfields on the island of  Peleliu , in preparation for the  invasion of Peleliu . On 9 and 10 September, she and the rest of the fleet moved on to attack airfields on the island of  Mindanao  in the Philippines, followed by further strikes on bases in the  Visayan Sea  between 12 and 14 September. On 17 September,  Intrepid  returned to Pelelieu to provide air support to the Marines that had landed on the island two days before. [1]

Philippines campaign

Intrepid  and the other carriers then returned to the Philippines to prepare for the  Philippines campaign . [1]  At this time,  Intrepid  was assigned to Task Group 38.2. [3]  In addition to targets in the Philippines themselves, the carriers also struck Japanese airfields on the islands of  Formosa  and  Okinawa  to degrade Japanese air power in the region. On 20 October, at the start of the  Battle of Leyte Intrepid  launched strikes to support Allied forces as they went ashore on the island of  Leyte . [1]  By this time, Halsey reduced the carriers of TG 38.2 to just  Intrepid Cabot , and the light carrier  Independence  commanded by Rear Admiral  Gerald F. Bogan  aboard  Intrepid . [4]

Between 23 and 26 October, the Japanese Navy launched a major operation to disrupt the Allied landings in the Philippines, resulting in the  Battle of Leyte Gulf . On the morning of 24 October, a reconnaissance aircraft from  Intrepid  spotted Vice Admiral  Takeo Kurita 's flagship,  Yamato . Two hours later,  Intrepid  and  Cabot  launched a strike on Kurita's Center Force, initiating the  Battle of the Sibuyan Sea ; this included eight  Curtiss SB2C Helldiver   dive bombers  from  Intrepid , which launched their attack at 10:27. One 500-pound (230 kg) bomb struck the roof of Turret No. 1, failing to penetrate. Two minutes later, the  battleship  Musashi  was struck starboard amidships by a torpedo from a  Grumman TBF Avenger , also from  Intrepid . In return, the Japanese shot down a pair of Avengers. Another eight Helldivers from  Intrepid  attacked  Musashi  again at around noon, scoring two more hits, with two Helldivers shot down. Three minutes later, nine Avengers attacked from both sides of the ship, scoring three torpedo hits on the port side. Further strikes from  Essex  and  Lexington  inflicted several more bomb and torpedo hits at around 13:30. At 15:25,  Musashi  was attacked by 37 aircraft from  Intrepid , the fleet carrier  Franklin  and  Cabot . These aircraft scored hits with 13 bombs and 11 torpedoes during this attack, for the loss of three Avengers and three Helldivers. [5]  In addition to the loss of  Musashi , many of Kurita's other ships, including  Yamato , the battleships  Nagato  and  Haruna , and  heavy cruiser   Myōkō  were damaged in the attacks, forcing him to break off the operation temporarily.

A U.S. Navy Curtiss SB2C-3 Helldiver caught in the after radio mast of the aircraft carrier USS Intrepid (CV-11) after a night landing accident on 30 October 1944. The plane was assigned to Bombing Squadron 7 (VB-7) aboard USS Hancock (CV-19).

Crewmen aboard  New Jersey  watch as a Japanese plane prepares to strike  Intrepid  25 November 1944

After Kurita's force began to withdraw, Halsey ordered TF 38 to steam north to intercept the aircraft carriers of the Northern Force, commanded by Vice Admiral  Jisaburō Ozawa . [1]  Bogan correctly perceived that Ozawa's force was intended to lure TF 38 away from the landing area to allow Kurita to attack it, but Halsey overruled him and several other Task Group commanders who voiced similar concerns. [7]  Early on 25 October, aircraft from  Intrepid  and the other carriers launched a strike on the Japanese carriers. Aircraft from  Intrepid  scored hits on the carrier  Zuihō  and possibly the carrier  Zuikaku . Further strikes throughout the morning resulted in the sinking of four Japanese aircraft carriers and a destroyer in the  Battle of Cape Engaño . [1] [8]  Halsey's preoccupation with the Northern Force allowed Kurita the respite he needed to turn his force back to the east, push through the  San Bernardino Strait , where it engaged the light forces of  escort carriers , destroyers, and  destroyer escorts  that were directly covering the landing force in the  Battle off Samar . Kurita nevertheless failed to break through the American formation, and ultimately broke off the attack. [1]

On 27 October, TG 38.2 returned to operations over  Luzon ; these included a raid on  Manila  on 29 October. That day, a  kamikaze  hit  Intrepid  on one of her port side gun positions; damage was minimal though ten men were killed and another six were wounded.  A Japanese air raid on 25 November struck the fleet shortly after noon. Two kamikazes crashed into  Intrepid , killing sixty-six men and causing a serious fire. The ship remained on station, however, and the fires were extinguished within two hours. She was detached for repairs the following day, and reached San Francisco on 20 December. [1]

Okinawa and Japan, March–December 1945

In the middle of February 1945, back in fighting trim, the carrier steamed for  Ulithi , arriving on 13 March. She set off westward for strikes on Japan on 14 March and four days later launched strikes against airfields on  Kyūshū . That morning a twin-engined Japanese  G4M "Betty"  broke through a curtain of defensive fire turned toward  Intrepid  and exploded only 50 ft (15 m) off  Intrepid 's forward boat crane. A shower of flaming gasoline and aircraft parts started fires on the hangar deck, but damage control teams quickly put them out.  Intrepid 's aircraft joined  attacks on remnants of the Japanese fleet  anchored at  Kure  damaging 18 enemy naval vessels, including battleship  Yamato  and carrier  Amagi . The carriers turned to Okinawa as  L-Day , the start of the most ambitious amphibious assault of the Pacific war, approached. Between 26 and 27 March, their aircraft attacked the  Ryūkyūs , softening up enemy defensive works. The invasion began on 1 April.  Intrepid  aircraft flew support missions against targets on Okinawa and made neutralizing raids against Japanese airfields in range of the island. On 16 April, during an air raid, a Japanese aircraft dove into  Intrepid 's flight deck forcing the engine and part of her fuselage right on through, killing eight men and wounding 21. In less than an hour the flaming gasoline had been extinguished, and only three hours after the crash, aircraft were again landing on the carrier. [10]

On 17 April,  Intrepid  retired homeward via Ulithi. She made a stop at Pearl Harbor on 11 May, arriving at San Francisco for repairs on 19 May. On 29 June, the carrier left San Francisco. On 6 August, her aircraft launched strikes against Japanese on bypassed  Wake Island Intrepid  arrived at  Eniwetok  on the next day. On 15 August, when the Japanese surrendered, she received word to "cease offensive operations."  Intrepid  got under way on 21 August to support the occupation of Japan. On 2 December, she left  Yokosuka  and arrived at  San Pedro, California  on 15 December. [10]

Post-war

Decommissioning and conversion to attack carrier

On 4 February 1946,  Intrepid  moved to  San Francisco Bay . The carrier was reduced in status to "commission in reserve" on 15 August, and she was decommissioned on 22 March 1947. After her decommissioning, the  Intrepid  became part of the  Pacific Reserve Fleet . On 9 February 1952, she was recommissioned and on 12 March began the voyage to  Norfolk,  where the carrier would receive  SCB-27C  modernization to operate jet aircraft as an attack aircraft carrier. On 9 April, the  Intrepid  was temporarily decommissioned for the modernization at the  Norfolk Naval Shipyard . On 1 October, she was reclassified as attack carrier CVA-11 and recommissioned in reserve on 18 June 1954. On 13 October, the carrier became the first to launch aircraft with American-built steam catapults. Two days later, the  Intrepid  became part of the  Atlantic Fleet  in full commission. [10]

1955–1961

In 1955,  Intrepid  conducted her shakedown cruise out of  Guantánamo Bay . On 28 May, she departed  Mayport, Florida , for the first of two deployments in the Mediterranean with the  6th Fleet . The  Intrepid  returned to Norfolk from the second deployment on 5 September. On 29 September, she entered the  New York Navy Yard  for her  SCB-125  modernization, which added an enclosed bow and an angled flight deck. After the end of the modernization in April 1957,  Intrepid  conducted refresher training out of Guantánamo Bay. In September, she participated in  Operation Strikeback , the largest peacetime naval exercise up to that time in history, which simulated a Soviet attack on NATO. In December, operating from Norfolk, she conducted  Operation Crosswind , a study of the effects of wind on carrier launches. The study proved that carriers could safely conduct flight operations without turning into the wind and even launch aircraft while steaming downwind. Between 1958 and 1961,  Intrepid  alternated Mediterranean deployments with operations along the Atlantic coast of the United States and exercises in the Caribbean. [10]

1962–1965

Intrepid  was reclassified to an  anti-submarine warfare carrier CVS-11 , on 8 December 1961. On 10 March 1962, the carrier entered the Norfolk Navy Yard for overhaul and refit for her new anti-submarine warfare role. After the completion of the overhaul and refit, she departed on 2 April with  Carrier Antisubmarine Air Group 56  embarked. After training exercises,  Intrepid  was selected as the principal ship in the recovery team for  astronaut   Scott Carpenter  and his Project Mercury space capsule,  Aurora 7 . Shortly before noon on 24 May 1962, Carpenter  splashed down  in  Aurora 7  several hundred miles from  Intrepid . Minutes after he was located by land-based search aircraft, two  helicopters  from  Intrepid , carrying  NASA  officials, medical experts, Navy  frogmen , and photographers, were airborne and headed to the rescue. One of the choppers picked him up over an hour later and flew him to the carrier which safely returned him to the United States.  Intrepid  spent the summer of 1962 training midshipmen at sea, and received a thorough overhaul at Norfolk in the fall. [10]

On 23 January 1963, the carrier departed  Hampton Roads  for warfare exercises in the Caribbean. In late February, she interrupted these operations to join a sea hunt for the  Venezuelan   freighter   Anzoátegui , whose mutinous  second mate  had led a group of pro- Castro  terrorists in  hijacking  the vessel. After the Communist pirates had surrendered at  Rio de Janeiro , the carrier returned to Norfolk on 23 March.  Intrepid  operated along the Atlantic Coast for the next year from  Nova Scotia  to the Caribbean perfecting her antisubmarine techniques. On 11 June 1964, she left Norfolk carrying midshipmen to the Mediterranean for a hunter-killer at sea training with the 6th Fleet. While in the Mediterranean,  Intrepid  aided in the surveillance of a  Soviet   task group . En route home her crew learned that she had won the coveted  Battle Efficiency  "E" for antisubmarine warfare during the previous fiscal year. In the fall of 1964, the carrier operated along the East Coast. In early September,  Intrepid  entertained 22 NATO statesmen as part of their tour of U.S. military installations. Between 18–19 October 1964, the  Intrepid  was at  Yorktown  for ceremonies commemorating  Lord Cornwallis 's surrender 183 years before. The French Ambassador attended the ceremony and presented the U.S. with 12 cannon cast from molds found in the Bastille, replicas of those brought to American forces by Lafayette. [10]

On the night of 21 November, during a brief deployment off  North Carolina , swift and efficient rescue procedures saved the life of an airman Jenner Sanders, who fell overboard while driving an aircraft towing tractor. In early 1965,  Intrepid  began preparations for a vital role in NASA's first manned  Gemini  flight,  Gemini 3 . On 23 March,  Lieutenant Commander   John Young  and Major  Gus Grissom  in  Molly Brown  (the Gemini 3 spacecraft) splashed down some 50 nmi (90 km) from  Intrepid  after history's first controlled re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere ended the pair's nearly perfect three-orbit flight aboard Gemini 3. A Navy helicopter lifted the astronauts from the spacecraft and flew them to  Intrepid  for medical examination and debriefing. Later,  Intrepid  retrieved  Molly Brown  and returned the spacecraft and astronauts to  Cape Kennedy . [10]

1965–1974

After this mission  Intrepid  entered the Brooklyn Navy Yard in April for a major overhaul to bring her back to peak combat readiness. This was the final  Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization  job performed by the  New York Naval Shipyard Brooklyn , New York, which was scheduled to close. In September 1965,  Intrepid , with her work approximately 75% completed, eased down the  East River  to moor at the  Naval Supply Depot  at  Bayonne, New Jersey , for the completion of her multimillion-dollar overhaul. After builder's sea trials and fitting out at Norfolk she sailed to  Guantánamo Bay , Cuba on a shakedown cruise. [10]

From April 1966 to February 1969,  Intrepid  made three Vietnam deployments, with  Carrier Air Wing 10  embarked. [11]  Mid-1966 found  Intrepid  with the Pacific Fleet off Vietnam. Nine  A-4 Skyhawks  and six  A-1 Skyraiders , loaded with bombs and rockets, were catapulted in seven minutes, with only a 28-second interval between launches. A few days later planes were launched at 26-second intervals. After seven months of service with the  United States Seventh Fleet  off Vietnam,  Intrepid  returned to Norfolk having earned her commanding officer, Captain John W. Fair, the  Legion of Merit  for combat operations in Southeast Asia. [10]

On 9 October 1966  Lieutenant, junior grade  William T. Patton of  VA-176  from  Intrepid , flying a propeller driven A-1H Skyraider, shot down one  MiG-17 . For the action, Lieutenant (jg) Patton was awarded the  Silver Star .

In June 1967,  Intrepid  returned to the Western Pacific by way of the  Suez Canal  just prior to its closing during the  Israeli-Arab crisis . There she began another tour with the Seventh Fleet. [10]

In 1968,  Intrepid  won the  Marjorie Sterrett Battleship Fund Award  for the Atlantic Fleet. For Carrier Air Wing 10's final cruise aboard  Intrepid  from 4 June 1968 to 8 February 1969 off Southeast Asia, the wing consisted of  VF-111  Detachment 11 (F-8C),  VA-106  with the A-4E, VA-66 Waldos (A-4C),  VFP-63  Detachment 11 (RF-8G),  VA-36  'Roadrunners' (A-4C), VAQ-33 Detachment 11 (EA-1F),  VAW-121  Detachment 11 (E-1B), and  HC-2 Detachment 11. [11]

Intrepid  operating in the Mediterranean in the 1970s.

In 1969,  Intrepid  was home ported at  Naval Air Station Quonset Point Rhode Island , relieving  Yorktown  as the  flagship  for Commander  Carrier Division 16 . In the fall, the ship was run aground by Captain Horus E. Moore, but was freed within two hours. From April–October 1971,  Intrepid  took part in NATO exercises, and made calls in the North Atlantic and Mediterranean ports of Lisbon, Plymouth, Kiel, Naples, Cannes, Barcelona, Hamburg, Copenhagen, Greenock, Rosyth, Portsmouth, and Bergen. During this cruise, submarine detection operations were conducted in the Baltic and at the edge of the Barents Sea above the Arctic Circle, under close scrutiny of Soviet air and naval forces. She subsequently returned to her homeport to be refitted.

Beginning in July 1972, Intrepid  participated once again in NATO exercises, visiting Copenhagen, Rotterdam, Bergen, Brussels, Portsmouth and Gourock. Intrepid  found herself in the Barents and made round the clock flight operations as she was above the Arctic Circle. She cut her North Atlantic cruise short, returned to Quonset Point for a mini-overhaul. She made her final cruise in the Mediterranean, stopping twice in Barcelona and Malaga Spain; Lisbon, Portugal; Nice, France; Naples, Italy; Palma, Majorca; and Piraeus, Greece once. Due to fuel limitations Intrepid  spent as much time in port as she did underway.

On 15 March 1974, Intrepid  was decommissioned for the final time.

Preservation as museum ship

In 1976,  Intrepid  was moored at  Philadelphia Naval Shipyard  in  Philadelphia  and hosted exhibits as part of the  United States Bicentennial  celebrations.

Plans originally called for  Intrepid  to be  scrapped  after decommissioning, but a campaign led by real estate developers  Zachary  and  Larry Fisher  and the Intrepid Museum Foundation saved the carrier and established it as a  museum ship . In August 1982, the ship opened in New York City as the  Intrepid  Sea-Air-Space Museum . Four years later,  Intrepid  was officially designated as a  National Historic Landmark .

Over the years,  Intrepid  has hosted many special events including wrestling events, press conferences, parties and the FBI operations center after the  11 September 2001 terrorist attacks . [15]

2006–2008 renovation

Throughout the last several years, the Intrepid  museum has operated a fund for the restoration, raising over $60 million to refit Intrepid , to improve its exhibits for visitors, and improve Pier 86.

In early July 2006, it was announced that  Intrepid  would undergo renovations and repairs, along with Pier 86 itself. It closed on 1 October 2006, in preparation for its towing to Bayonne, New Jersey for repairs, and later  Staten Island , New York for renovation and temporary docking.

On 6 November 2006, an attempt to remove the aircraft carrier from the pier for restoration was temporarily put on hold by the  Coast Guard . Despite the use of several tugs with a combined 30,000 hp (22,000 kW), officials said the ship was stuck in 24 years worth of accumulated  silt  and would not move.

On 11 November 2006, the United States Navy announced that it would spend $3 million to dredge the mud and silt from under Intrepid . The effort was led by the United States Navy Supervisor of Salvage and Diving with assistance from the United States Army Corps of Engineers, United States Coast Guard, and contractors. The teams operated for three weeks to clear the site of mud and silt.

On 5 December 2006, after the removal of 39,000 cu yd (30,000 m 3 ) of muck from under the ship and around its four giant screws,  Intrepid  was successfully removed from its pier and was towed to Bayonne. [18]

Intrepid  made a D-Day "landing" on Staten Island, 6 June 2007, after being towed from a slip at Bayonne Dry Dock & Repair Corp.

While in Staten Island,  Intrepid  underwent the next phase of her refurbishment, and received an $8 million interior renovation. Never-before-seen areas of the ship including the  forecastle  (fo'c'sle, commonly known as the anchor chain room), general berthing quarters and the ship's machine shop were opened to the public for the first time. The hangar deck features a new layout and design including new interactive exhibits. Around 1,200 tons of her original weight in steel were removed and 339  epoxy -coated steel pilings ranging in length from 60 to 183 feet were installed.  Intrepid  also received a new coat of paint, using almost 7,000 gallons to re-paint the interior, hull, towers, and decks. Total cost of the renovation was $120 million—$55 million for the ship and $65 million for Pier 86. [19]

The carrier was towed back into place on the Hudson River on 2 October 2008 and reopened to the public on 8 November. [19]

On 12 December 2011, ownership of the Space Shuttle  Enterprise  was officially transferred to the  Intrepid  Sea, Air & Space Museum  in New York City.  In preparation for the anticipated relocation, engineers evaluated the vehicle in early 2010 and determined that it was safe to fly on the Shuttle Carrier Aircraft once again. [23]  At approximately 9:40 am Eastern Daylight Time on 27 April 2012  Enterprise  took off from Dulles International Airport en route to a fly-by over the  Hudson River , New York's  JFK International Airport , the  Statue of Liberty , the  George Washington  and  Verrazano-Narrows  Bridges, and several other landmarks in the city; in an approximately 45-minute "final tour". At 11:23 am Eastern Daylight Time  Enterprise  touched down at  JFK International Airport . [

The mobile  Mate-Demate Device  and cranes were transported from Dulles to the ramp at JFK and the shuttle was removed from the SCA overnight on 12 May 2012, placed on a specially designed flat bed trailer and returned to Hangar 12. []  On 3 June a  Weeks Marine  barge took  Enterprise  to  Jersey City . The Shuttle sustained cosmetic damage to a wingtip when a gust of wind blew the barge towards a piling. ]  It was hoisted 6 June onto the Intrepid Museum in Manhattan. [

The  Enterprise  went on public display on 19 July 2012, at the  Intrepid  Museum's new Space Shuttle Pavilion. [

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